Modulith Architecture: Adoption Patterns, Challenges, and Emerging Trends

Abstract

Over the past year, the software architecture field has been dominated by the contrast between microservices and monolithic architectures, driven by the demand for scalable solutions for modern applications. Microservices, with their focus on modularity and independence, have become popular for large-scale systems, offering benefits like enhanced scalability and simplified maintenance. Conversely, monolithic architectures, known for their cohesive design, have been a traditional choice, favored for their simplicity in development. However, they may struggle with scalability as applications grow in complexity. Amidst this, Modulith Architecture (MDA) has emerged in recent years as a solution to the complexities of microservices and the limitations of traditional monolithic architectures. Combining the structural integrity of monolithic systems with the modularity of microservices, MDA offers a holistic approach to software design and development. This study investigates the adoption of MDA through a comprehensive analysis of 32 practitioners’ insights. Our objective is to explore the motivations, challenges, and trends surrounding MDA adoption. Employing a qualitative approach through in-depth interviews, we uncover nuanced adoption patterns and identify key factors influencing practitioners’ choices. Results indicate a varied adoption spectrum, with motivations ranging from simplicity to cost-effectiveness advantages. Technical challenges, including module dependencies and communication overhead, highlight the intricacies of MDA integration. Emerging trends, such as dynamic module loading, underscore the evolving practices within the field. This study contributes to a deeper understanding of MDA adoption dynamics, offering insights for both researchers and practitioners.